Demonstratives (this, that, these, those)

The Arabic demonstratives begin with هٰ‍ for here and near, and ذٰ for there (masculine) or ت for there (feminine), both further away over there.

1. Perhaps derived from הֵם "those" + מָה "what" (?)

The most common far away demonstratives in Hebrew are the same words used for the personal pronouns.

When a Hebrew demonstrative is used in a adjective position to describe a definite noun then the demonstrative has a ה prefix added to match the noun, for example הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה ("these words"). Although the definite article prefix in Arabic is اَل (Āl- ) and not הַ (Ha- ) it's possible that the original Proto-Semitic word was Hāl. Thus, we start to see more of a correspondence between the Hebrew and the Arabic. Also, the l in Al- is often silent and the next consonant doubled instead (see articles), which explains why we don't get הַל in Hebrew but we do get a doubled consonant. Remember also that the annotated form of ه as ة becomes a t sound in some circumstances. The correspondence is best observed by examining the consonants alone, because the vowel differences and consonant doubling which distinguish the different languages make the overall pronunciation differences much bigger than the basic alphabetic letters without annotations would suggest. There's a clear parallel between הָ ,הַ and هٰ‍, and between ז and ذ (remembering that Arabic ز z and ذ dh both collapse into the single character ז z in Hebrew), and between א and the hamza in ؤ, and ל and ل, and perhaps ת and ه.